Quartz 4

form validation using js

4 min read

The Constraint Validation API

The Constraint Validation API consists of a set of methods and properties available on the following form element DOM interfaces:

The Constraint Validation API makes the following properties available on the above elements.

  • validationMessage: Returns a localized message describing the validation constraints that the control doesn’t satisfy (if any). If the control is not a candidate for constraint validation (willValidate is false) or the element’s value satisfies its constraints (is valid), this will return an empty string.
  • validity: Returns a ValidityState object that contains several properties describing the validity state of the element. You can find full details of all the available properties in the ValidityState reference page; below is listed a few of the more common ones:
    • patternMismatch: Returns true if the value does not match the specified pattern, and false if it does match. If true, the element matches the :invalid CSS pseudo-class.
    • tooLong: Returns true if the value is longer than the maximum length specified by the maxlength attribute, or false if it is shorter than or equal to the maximum. If true, the element matches the :invalid CSS pseudo-class.
    • tooShort: Returns true if the value is shorter than the minimum length specified by the minlength attribute, or false if it is greater than or equal to the minimum. If true, the element matches the :invalid CSS pseudo-class.
    • rangeOverflow: Returns true if the value is greater than the maximum specified by the max attribute, or false if it is less than or equal to the maximum. If true, the element matches the :invalid and :out-of-range CSS pseudo-classes.
    • rangeUnderflow: Returns true if the value is less than the minimum specified by the min attribute, or false if it is greater than or equal to the minimum. If true, the element matches the :invalid and :out-of-range CSS pseudo-classes.
    • typeMismatch: Returns true if the value is not in the required syntax (when type is email or url), or false if the syntax is correct. If true, the element matches the :invalid CSS pseudo-class.
    • valid: Returns true if the element meets all its validation constraints, and is therefore considered to be valid, or false if it fails any constraint. If true, the element matches the :valid CSS pseudo-class; the :invalid CSS pseudo-class otherwise.
    • valueMissing: Returns true if the element has a required attribute, but no value, or false otherwise. If true, the element matches the :invalid CSS pseudo-class.
  • willValidate: Returns true if the element will be validated when the form is submitted; false otherwise.
// There are many ways to pick a DOM node; here we get the form itself and the email
// input box, as well as the span element into which we will place the error message.
const form = document.querySelector("form");
const email = document.getElementById("mail");
const emailError = document.querySelector("#mail + span.error");
 
email.addEventListener("input", (event) => {
  // Each time the user types something, we check if the
  // form fields are valid.
 
  if (email.validity.valid) {
    // In case there is an error message visible, if the field
    // is valid, we remove the error message.
    emailError.textContent = ""; // Reset the content of the message
    emailError.className = "error"; // Reset the visual state of the message
  } else {
    // If there is still an error, show the correct error
    showError();
  }
});
 
form.addEventListener("submit", (event) => {
  // if the email field is valid, we let the form submit
  if (!email.validity.valid) {
    // If it isn't, we display an appropriate error message
    showError();
    // Then we prevent the form from being sent by canceling the event
    event.preventDefault();
  }
});
 
function showError() {
  if (email.validity.valueMissing) {
    // If the field is empty,
    // display the following error message.
    emailError.textContent = "You need to enter an email address.";
  } else if (email.validity.typeMismatch) {
    // If the field doesn't contain an email address,
    // display the following error message.
    emailError.textContent = "Entered value needs to be an email address.";
  } else if (email.validity.tooShort) {
    // If the data is too short,
    // display the following error message.
    emailError.textContent = `Email should be at least ${email.minLength} characters; you entered ${email.value.length}.`;
  }
 
  // Set the styling appropriately
  emailError.className = "error active";
}
 
 
function checkZIP() {
  // For each country, defines the pattern that the ZIP has to follow
  const constraints = {
    ch: [
      "^(CH-)?\\d{4}$",
      "Switzerland ZIPs must have exactly 4 digits: e.g. CH-1950 or 1950",
    ],
    fr: [
      "^(F-)?\\d{5}$",
      "France ZIPs must have exactly 5 digits: e.g. F-75012 or 75012",
    ],
    de: [
      "^(D-)?\\d{5}$",
      "Germany ZIPs must have exactly 5 digits: e.g. D-12345 or 12345",
    ],
    nl: [
      "^(NL-)?\\d{4}\\s*([A-RT-Z][A-Z]|S[BCE-RT-Z])$",
      "Netherland ZIPs must have exactly 4 digits, followed by 2 letters except SA, SD and SS",
    ],
  };
 
  // Read the country id
  const country = document.getElementById("Country").value;
 
  // Get the NPA field
  const ZIPField = document.getElementById("ZIP");
 
  // Build the constraint checker
  const constraint = new RegExp(constraints[country][0], "");
  console.log(constraint);
 
  // Check it!
  if (constraint.test(ZIPField.value)) {
    // The ZIP follows the constraint, we use the ConstraintAPI to tell it
    ZIPField.setCustomValidity("");
  } else {
    // The ZIP doesn't follow the constraint, we use the ConstraintAPI to
    // give a message about the format required for this country
    ZIPField.setCustomValidity(constraints[country][1]);
  }
}

Graph View